Breakfast at the hotel. After being picked up from the hotel, travel in an air-conditioned car to Cairo and the Giza Necropolis with an Egyptologist who speaks English. The Great Sphinx of Giza, the Pyramid of Khafre, the Pyramid of Menkaure, and their related pyramid complexes are all part of the Giza Pyramid Complex.

The Old Kingdom of Ancient Egypt’s Fourth Dynasty saw the construction of each. A worker’s village’s remnants and a number of cemeteries may also be found at the location. The Sphinx was built during the time of King Khafre. Amenhotep II erected a new temple in Hauron Haremakhet during the New Kingdom, and other structures were constructed by subsequent kings.

The Great Pyramid of Giza

The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops, is the oldest and last remaining of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Built between 2584 BCE and 2561 BCE, it was the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, the second king of the Fourth Dynasty. The pyramid was the tallest man-made structure in the world and the largest of the three pyramids in the Giza complex. It was built from over 2 metres of stone blocks and measured 146 metres (481 feet) high when first constructed. The pyramid has three known burial chambers and a sloping passageway called the Grand Gallery. Khufu’s pyramid was called Ikhet, meaning glorious light, and was originally covered with polished white limestone.

Pyramid of Khafre

The Khafre Pyramid, located southwest of the Great Pyramid of Cheops, is the second-largest pyramid in Egypt. Built by Pharaoh Khafre, it is unique in that the remains of the original cladding have been preserved in its upper part. The pyramid complex is better preserved than others due to an innovative construction method using massive limestone blocks enclosed in a sheath of thin-facing slabs. The pyramid was built to serve as a tomb and to make its essence remain forever, as a demonstration of power and permanence after death. Khafre ruled Egypt for 24 years, possibly longer, and left behind a memory as a cruel ruler who acted as his father, closing temples and driving the Egyptians to build the pyramid and other monuments. His military exploits are unknown, but the period of the ancient kingdom was relatively peaceful, with no rivals in the area.

Pyramid of Menkaure

The Pyramid of Menkaure, built in the 26th century BC, is less than half the height of the Great Pyramid at Giza, which had an original height of 481 feet. Its base measures 338 feet and is sheathed in red granite and white limestone, unlike the Great Pyramid. Menkaure was the son of Khafra and grandson of Khufu, who built the largest pyramid at Giza. His mortuary temple was grander than the Great Pyramid. Near the Pyramid of Menkaure are three satellite pyramids called the Queen’s Pyramids, which were never completed. A detailed sarcophagus was discovered within the pyramid but was never recovered. The main architect of the pyramid is unknown, but it is likely Menkaure’s brother and Vizier.

Visit the Papyrus Institute, perfume factory, and cotton shop. Return to the Cairo hotel and spend the night there.

Papyrus institute

The Papyrus Institute in Cairo is a souvenir shop that offers a unique experience in papyrus paper production. The paper is created using a lattice pattern and pressed for six days to preserve its shape. It is versatile and robust and can be easily repaired by watering the affected area and attaching the torn part. The shop sells many works of art and souvenirs, but prices are high for these items. The ancient Egyptians discovered the process of using the Nile’s papyrus plant to make paper around 3,000 BC. The museum offers step-by-step demonstrations and extensive displays of papyrus artworks, including typical works of Giza’s Pyramids, pharaohs, and hieroglyphs. The prices are higher than in Cairo’s bazaars and regular souvenir shops, as the artworks are certified for genuine papyrus. The institute is also featured on Cairo day trips and multi-day Egypt packages that combine Cairo with Nile cruises.

Breakfast at the hotel. After leaving the hotel in Cairo, take a two and a half-hour journey to Alexandria. Explore the catacomb of Kom el Shouqafa, which is 30 metres high and constructed of Aswan pink granite. It is believed that the Pompeii Column was present from the Alexandrians to the Emperor Diocletian. The Greco-Roman Museum has the majority of the bones that were discovered around the column. The entrance to the first and second-century Kom al-Shuqafa Catacombs is located at the summit of the hill. It was by accident that they were found at the start of the twentieth century.

Explore Pompey’s Pillar, a red Aswan granite column that is around 25 metres tall and has a circumference of 9 metres. Built in honour of Emperor Diocletian, it was formerly a beautiful building that rivalled Soma and Caesarism. Lunch at a seafood restaurant in the area A photo op at Qaitbay Fort, an Islamic castle constructed in the fifteenth century to keep away invading Crusaders, is worth doing.
The Qaitbay Citadel is situated exactly where the renowned Alexandra lighthouse previously stood, in the northeastern region of Pharos Island. In 1544, Sultan Al-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Qa’it Bay constructed the citadel as a fortification. The goal of visiting the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is to restore the original institution’s openness and scholarly spirit. Take a private vehicle transfer to Cairo. When you get to Cairo, check into your hotel.

Overnight stay at the hotel in Cairo.

Breakfast at the hotel. Relaxing day and spending the night at the Cairo hotel

Meals: Breakfast

Breakfast at the hotel and check-out.